Kimberly Cromwell
Cromwell & McReynolds PLLC
Phone pending
About Kimberly Cromwell
Kimberly Cromwell is a tribal law attorney at Cromwell & McReynolds PLLC serving Native communities and clients in Arizona, Arizona. Tribal law practice in Arizona involves federal Indian law (the Indian Reorganization Act, the Indian Civil Rights Act, the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act), tribal codes of the 22 federally-recognized tribes within or adjacent to Arizona, and state-tribal compacts, addressing jurisdiction, gaming, water rights, and economic development. Contact details appear below.
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Education
- Law School: U of Arizona
Common questions about Tribal Law in Arizona
Answered by Arizona Attorney Search Network
What is the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act?
IGRA, 25 USC § 2701 et seq., is the 1988 federal statute that established the framework for tribal gaming. Class III gaming (casino-style) requires a tribal-state compact. Arizona's tribal-state gaming compacts allow casino operations on reservations under negotiated terms. The National Indian Gaming Commission oversees tribal gaming nationally.
Are tribal courts the same as state courts?
No. Tribal courts are courts of the tribal nation, applying tribal law and (where adopted) tribal codes. They are constitutionally separate from federal and state courts. Tribal courts handle most civil matters arising on the reservation, including tribal member family law, contracts, and torts. Tribal court judgments are entitled to full faith and credit by federal courts under 25 USC § 1911 in some contexts; recognition by other states varies.
What tribes have reservations in Arizona?
Arizona has 22 federally recognized tribes including the Navajo Nation (the largest, partially in Arizona), the Tohono O'odham Nation, the White Mountain Apache, the San Carlos Apache, the Hualapai, the Hopi Tribe, the Yaqui, and many others. Each tribe has distinct laws, courts, and government structure. Federal trust land totals about 28% of Arizona's territory.